Handling CMR substances in the genetic laboratory

In genetic engineering facilities, the focus is on the proper handling of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). This is also important because these GMOs must not be released unintentionally. What is often neglected is the awareness of CMR substances. These are substances that are carcinogenic, mutagenic, or harmful to reproduction. They are divided into categories 1A (proven in humans based on experience), 1B (proven in animals, suspected in humans), and 2 (assumed to be the case in humans). For occupational safety reasons, it is imperative that the prescribed protective measures are observed when working with these substances. This is regulated by the Hazardous Substances Ordinance (GefStoffV). However, it must first be determined which substances are CMR substances. These are listed in both the CLP Regulation (Annex VI) and the Technical Rules for Hazardous Substances (TRGS) 905. Once the hazardous substances have been identified, the employer must conduct a substitution test as an occupational safety measure (Sections 7 (1), 9 (1), 10 (1), and 19 (2) of the GefStoffV). This is often difficult. TRGS 600 (Substitution) provides support for identifying substitution options. Further on, the guiding criteria for pre-selecting promising substances are also provided there. Substitution options If, after the substitution test has been carried out, there is still a risk for employees from handling CMR substances, the employer must maintain an exposure register (Section 14 (3) of the Ordinance on Hazardous Substances) that includes all employees who carry out activities involving CMR substances of categories 1A or 1B and for whom the risk assessment indicates a risk to health or safety.

The following must then be documented in a Exposure register In addition to personal data, the hazardous substances used, the activities carried out, the period of time and the level of exposure. In addition, it is recommended to implement the specified protective measures (technical and personal). Documentation . Relevant assistance can be found in TRGS 410, which contains further examples of activities and protective measures in the appendix.